Which factor affects a tractor-trailer's stopping distance?

The weight of the load a tractor-trailer carries is a critical factor that affects its stopping distance. When a trailer is heavily loaded, it becomes heavier and requires more distance to come to a complete stop. This is due to the principles of physics, where increased mass results in a greater amount of momentum, making it harder to stop quickly. Additionally, heavier loads can lead to increased braking distances because the brakes must work harder to overcome the inertia of the truck.

While other factors like tire pressure, the weather, and even the design of the truck can impact overall stopping distance, they do not have as significant and direct an effect as the weight of the load. For instance, underinflated tires can affect traction, and adverse weather conditions can reduce road grip, but these factors are secondary to the fundamental physics involved with weight. The critical understanding here is that the more significant the weight, the longer the stopping distance, which is an essential consideration for any driver operating a tractor-trailer.